SCHEDULE 1
TABLE 1
FUEL COMBUSTION EMISSION FACTORS
STATIONARY SOURCE CATEGORY
[Table 1 amended by section 98 of Act 34 of 2019 and substituted by section 63(1)(a) of Act 42 of 2024 deemed effective on 1 January 2024]
|
DEFAULT NET CALORIFIC VALUE (TJ/TONNE) |
||||||
|
FUEL TYPE |
CO2(KGCO2/TJ) |
CH4(KGCH4/ TJ) |
N2O (KGN2O/TJ) |
NET CALORIFIC VALUE |
LOWER LIMIT OF THE 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL |
UPPER LIMIT OF THE 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL |
|
ACETYLENE |
67 870 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.049818 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
ANTHRACITE |
98 300 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0267 |
0.0216 |
0.0322 |
|
AVIATION GASOLINE |
65 752 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0475 |
0.0425 |
0.0475 |
|
BIODIESEL |
0 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.027 |
0.0136 |
0.054 |
|
BIOGASOLINE |
0 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.027 |
0.0136 |
0.054 |
|
BITUMEN |
80 700 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0335 |
0.0412 |
|
BLAST FURNACE GAS |
260 000 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.00247 |
0.0012 |
0.005 |
|
BROWN COAL BRIQUETTES |
97 500 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0207 |
0.0151 |
0.032 |
|
CHARCOAL |
0 |
200 |
4 |
0.0295 |
0.0149 |
0.058 |
|
COAL TAR |
80 700 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.028 |
0.0141 |
0.055 |
|
COKE OVEN COKE AND LIGNITE COKE |
107 000 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0282 |
0.0251 |
0.0302 |
|
COKE OVEN GAS |
44 400 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0387 |
0.0196 |
0.077 |
|
COKING COAL |
94 600 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0282 |
0.024 |
0.031 |
|
CRUDE OIL |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0438 |
0.0401 |
0.0448 |
|
DIESEL |
74 638 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.043 |
0.0414 |
0.0433 |
|
ETHANE |
61 600 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0464 |
0.0449 |
0.0488 |
|
GAS COKE |
107 000 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0173 |
0.0251 |
0.0302 |
|
GAS WORKS GAS |
44 400 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0387 |
0.0196 |
0.077 |
|
INDUSTRIAL WASTES |
143 000 |
30 |
4 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
JET GASOLINE |
70 000 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0443 |
0.0425 |
0.0448 |
|
JET KEROSENE |
73 463 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0433 |
0.042 |
0.045 |
|
LANDFILL GAS |
0 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0504 |
0.0254 |
0.1 |
|
LIGNITE |
101 000 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0119 |
0.0055 |
0.0216 |
|
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES |
64 852 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0463 |
0.0448 |
0.0522 |
|
LUBRICANTS |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0335 |
0.0423 |
|
METHANE RICH GAS (MRG) |
54 888 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.048 |
0.0465 |
0.0504 |
|
MUNICIPAL WASTES (BIOMASS FRACTION) |
0 |
30 |
4 |
0.0116 |
0.0068 |
0.018 |
|
MUNICIPAL WASTES (NON BIOMASS FRACTION) |
91 700 |
30 |
4 |
0.01 |
0.007 |
0.018 |
|
NAPHTHA |
73 700 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0445 |
0.0418 |
0.0465 |
|
NATURAL GAS |
56 100 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.048 |
0.0465 |
0.0504 |
|
NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS |
64 200 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.041 |
0.0409 |
0.0469 |
|
OIL SHALE AND TAR SANDS |
107 000 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0089 |
0.0071 |
0.0111 |
|
ORIMULSION |
77 000 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0275 |
0.0275 |
0.0283 |
|
OTHER BIOGAS |
0 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0504 |
0.0254 |
0.1 |
|
OTHER BITUMINOUS COAL |
94 600 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0192 |
0.0192 |
0.0305 |
|
OTHER KEROSENE |
71 900 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.037 |
0 |
0 |
|
OTHER LIQUID BIOFUELS |
0 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0274 |
0.0138 |
0.054 |
|
OTHER PETROLEUM PRODUCTS |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0337 |
0.0482 |
|
OTHER PRIMARY SOLID BIOMASS |
0 |
30 |
4 |
0.0116 |
0.0059 |
0.023 |
|
OXYGEN STEEL FURNACE GAS |
182 000 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.00706 |
0.0038 |
0.015 |
|
PARAFFIN |
64 640 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.049 |
0.0424 |
0.049 |
|
PARAFFIN WAXES |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0337 |
0.0482 |
|
PATENT FUEL |
97 500 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0207 |
0.0151 |
0.032 |
|
PEAT |
0 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.00976 |
0.0078 |
0.0125 |
|
PETROL |
72 430 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0439 |
0.0425 |
0.0448 |
|
PETROLEUM COKE |
97 500 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0325 |
0.0297 |
0.0419 |
|
REFINERY FEEDSTOCK |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.043 |
0.0363 |
0.0464 |
|
REFINERY GAS |
57 600 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0495 |
0.0475 |
0.0506 |
|
REFUSE DERIVED FUEL |
83 000 |
30 |
4 |
0.01 |
0.007 |
0.018 |
|
RESIDUAL FUEL OIL (HEAVY FUEL OIL) |
73 090 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.043 |
0.0398 |
0.0443 |
|
SAWDUST |
0 |
30 |
4 |
0.0116 |
0.0059 |
0.023 |
|
SHALE OIL |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0381 |
0.0321 |
0.0452 |
|
SLUDGE GAS |
0 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0504 |
0.0254 |
0.1 |
|
SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL |
96 100 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0192 |
0.0115 |
0.026 |
|
SULPHITE LYES (BLACK LIQUOR) |
0 |
3 |
2 |
0.0118 |
0.0059 |
0.023 |
|
WASTE OILS |
73 300 |
30 |
4 |
0.0402 |
0.0203 |
0.08 |
|
WASTE TYRES |
85 000 |
1 |
1.5 |
0.0325 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
WHITE SPIRIT AND SBP |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0337 |
0.0482 |
|
WOOD/WOOD WASTE |
0 |
30 |
4 |
0.0156 |
0.0079 |
0.031 |
NON-STATIONARY/MOBILE SOURCE CATEGORY ACTIVITY
|
DEFAULT NET CALORIFIC VALUE (TJ/TONNE) |
||||||
|
FUEL TYPE |
CO2(KGCO2/TJ) |
CH4(KGCH4/TJ) |
N2O (KGN2O/TJ) |
NET CALORIFIC VALUE |
LOWER LIMIT OF THE 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL |
UPPER LIMIT OF THE 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL |
|
AVIATION GASOLINE |
65 752 |
0.5 |
2 |
0.0475 |
0.0425 |
0.0475 |
|
BIODIESEL |
0 |
4.15 |
28.6 |
0.027 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
BIOGASOLINE |
0 |
3.5 |
5.7 |
0.027 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS |
56 100 |
92 |
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
DIESEL |
74 638 |
4.15 |
28.6 |
0.0430 |
0 |
0 |
|
DIESEL — (OCEAN-GOING SHIPS) |
74 100 |
7 |
2 |
0.0381 |
0 |
0 |
|
DIESEL — OFFROAD |
74 100 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
0.0381 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
DIESEL — RAIL |
74 100 |
4.15 |
28.6 |
0.0381 |
0 |
0 |
|
JET KEROSENE |
73 463 |
0.5 |
2 |
0.0433 |
0.042 |
0.045 |
|
KEROSENE |
71 500 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.037 |
0 |
0 |
|
LIQUIFIED NATURAL GASES |
56 100 |
92 |
3 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES |
64 852 |
62 |
0.2 |
0.0463 |
0.0448 |
0.0522 |
|
LUBRICANTS |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0335 |
0.0423 |
|
METHANE RICH GAS (MRG) |
54 888 |
92 |
3 |
0.048 |
0.0465 |
0.0504 |
|
NATURAL GAS |
56 100 |
92 |
3 |
0.048 |
0.0465 |
0.0504 |
|
(PARAFFIN) OTHER KEROSENE |
64 640 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0490 |
0.0424 |
0.0490 |
|
OTHER PETROLEUM PRODUCTS |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0337 |
0.0482 |
|
PARAFFIN WAXES |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0337 |
0.0482 |
|
PETROL |
72 430 |
3.5 |
5.7 |
0.0439 |
0.0425 |
0.0448 |
|
PETROL-OXIDATION CATALYST |
69 300 |
25 |
8 |
0.0443 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
PETROL-UNCONTROLLED |
69 300 |
33 |
3.2 |
0.0443 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
REFINERY GAS |
57 600 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.0495 |
0.0475 |
0.0506 |
|
REFUSE DERIVED FUEL |
83 000 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
RESIDUAL FUEL OIL— (HEAVY FUEL OIL) |
73 090 |
7 |
2 |
0.0473 |
0.0398 |
0.0473 |
|
SAWDUST |
0 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL |
96 100 |
2 |
1.5 |
0.0192 |
0.0115 |
0.026 |
|
WASTE TYRES |
85 000 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
WHITE SPIRIT AND SBP |
73 300 |
3 |
0.6 |
0.0402 |
0.0337 |
0.0482 |
SCHEDULE 1
TABLE 2
FUGITIVE EMMISSION FACTORS
[Table 2 substituted by section 67(1) of Act 17 of 2023 and by section 63(1)(b) of Act 42 of 2024 deemed effective on 1 January 2024(as far as it relates to: IPCC Codes 1B1cii (Charcoal production), 1B1ciii (Biochar production), 1B1ci (Coke production), 1B1civ (Coal to Liquids – Syngas; Coal to Liquids – Syngas/H2; Coal to Liquids – SNG synthetic natural gas, and Gas to liquids), 1.B.2.a.i (Loading Off-Shore Production On Tanker Ships – Without VRU – All; Loading Off-Shore Production On Tanker Ships – With VRU – All), and 1.B.2.a.iii.4 (All, the factors include fugitive equipment leaks, flaring, storage of crude oil, handling and calcination.) Section 63(1)(b) amendments that are not provided for under subsection (3) are deemed effective on 1 June 2019]
|
IPCC Code |
SOURCE CATEGORY ACTIVITY |
Fugitive |
Emission |
Factors |
|
CO2 |
CH4 |
N2O |
||
|
1B1 |
SOLID FUELS (M3/TONNE) |
|||
|
1B1a |
COAL MINING AND HANDLING |
|||
|
1B1ai |
UNDERGROUND COAL MINING |
0.077 |
0.77 |
|
|
UNDERGROUND POST-MINING (HANDLING & TRANSPORT) |
0.018 |
0.18 |
||
|
1B1aii |
SURFACE COAL MINING |
N/A |
0 |
|
|
SURFACE POST-MINING (STORAGE AND TRANSPORT) |
N/A |
0 |
||
|
1B1C |
SOLID FUEL TRANSFORMATION |
|||
|
1B1ci |
COKE PRODUCTION (per coke produced)(tonne GHG/tonne coke) |
ND |
4.9*10-8 |
ND |
|
1B1c2 |
CHARCOAL PRODUCTION (FUEL WOOD INPUT)(kgCH4/TJ) |
N/A |
300 |
|
|
CHARCOAL PRODUCTION (CHARCOAL PRODUCED)(kgCH4/TJ) |
N/A |
1000 |
||
|
1B1cii |
CHARCOAL PRODUCTION (PER CHARCOAL PRODUCED)(TONNE GHG/TONNE CHARCOAL) |
0 |
0.0000403 |
8*10-8 |
|
1B1Ciii |
BIOCHAR PRODUCTION (PER BIOCHAR PRODUCED)(TONNE GHG/TONNE BIOCHAR) |
0 |
0.00003 |
ND |
|
1B1civ |
COAL TO LIQUIDS (tonne GHG/TJ total output) |
|||
|
1B1civ |
COAL TO LIQUIDS – SYNGAS |
55 |
0.0061 |
0 |
|
1B1civ |
COAL TO LIQUIDS – SYNGAS/H2 |
55 |
0.0061 |
0 |
|
1B1civ |
COAL TO LIQUIDS – SNG (SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS) |
78 |
0.0061 |
0 |
|
1B1civ |
GAS TO LIQUIDS (TONNE GHG/TJ NATURAL GAS INPUT) |
12.73 |
ND |
ND |
|
1B2 |
OIL AND NATURAL GAS (Gg/103M3 TOTAL OIL PRODUCTION) |
|||
|
OIL TRANSPORT (TONNE/103M3 OIL LOADED ONTO TANKER SHIPS) |
||||
|
1B2ai |
LOADING OFFSHORE PRODUCTION ON TANKER SHIPS – WITHOUT VRU – ALL |
ND |
0.065 |
ND |
|
1B2ai |
LOADING OFFSHORE PRODUCTION ON TANKER SHIPS – WITH VRU – ALL |
ND |
0.040 |
ND |
|
1B2a |
OIL REFINING (TONNE/103M3 OIL REFINED) |
|||
|
1B2aiii4 |
All (THE FACTORS INCLUDE FUGITIVE EQUIPMENT LEAKS, FLARING, STORAGE OF CRUDE OIL, HANDLING AND CALCINATION) |
5.85 |
2.6*10-6 to 4.1*10-5 |
8.77*10-5 |
|
1B2b |
NATURAL GAS (Gg/103M3 TOTAL OIL PRODUCTION) |
|||
|
1B2b |
FLARING AND VENTING |
|||
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
WELL DRILLING |
0.0000001 |
0.000000033 |
ND |
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
WELL TESTING |
0.000009 |
0.000000051 |
0.000000000068 |
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
WELL SERVICING |
0.0000000019 |
0.00000011 |
ND |
|
1B2b |
GAS PRODUCTION (Gg/106M3 TOTAL OIL PRODUCTION) |
|||
|
1.B.2.b.iii.2 |
FUGITIVES |
1.40E-05 to 8.20E-05 |
3.80E-04 to 2.30E-03 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
FLARING |
0.0012 |
0.00000076 |
0.000000021 |
|
GAS PROCESSING (Gg/ 106M3 RAW GAS FEED) |
||||
|
1.B.2.b.iii.3 |
SWEET GAS PLANTS—FUGITIVES |
1.50E-04 to 3.20E-04 |
4.80E-04 to 1.03E-03 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
SWEET GAS PLANTS—FLARING |
0.0018 |
0.0000012 |
0.000000025 |
|
1.B.2.b.iii.3 |
SOUR GAS PLANTS—FUGITIVES |
0.0000079 |
0.000097 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
SOUR GAS PLANTS—FLARING |
0.0036 |
0.0000024 |
0.000000054 |
|
1.B.2.b.i |
SOUR GAS PLANTS —RAW CO2 VENTING |
0.063 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.iii.3 |
DEEP CUT EXTRACTION—FUGITIVES |
0.0000016 |
0.000011 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
DEEP CUT EXTRACTION—FLARING |
0.00011 |
0.000000072 |
0.000000012 |
|
1.B.2.b.iii.3 |
DEFAULT—FUGITIVES |
1.20E-05 to 3.20E-04 CO2 |
1.50E-04 to 1.03E-03 CH4 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.ii |
DEFAULT—FLARING |
0.003 |
0.000002 |
0.000000033 |
|
1.B.2.b.i |
DEFAULT—RAW CO2 VENTING |
0.04 |
N/A |
N/A |
|
1B2b |
GAS TRANSMISSION & STORAGE (Gg-CO2/year/km |
|||
|
1.B.2.b.iii.4 |
TRANSMISSION—FUGITIVES |
0.000016 |
0.0025 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.i |
TRANSMISSION—VENTING |
0.0000085 |
0.0010 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.b.iii.4 |
STORAGE (Gg-CO2/year/M3) |
2.32E-9 |
ND |
|
|
1B2b |
GAS DISTRIBUTION (Gg/ 106M3 OF UTILITY SALES) |
|||
|
1.B.2.b.iii.5 |
ALL |
0.000051 |
0.0011 |
ND |
|
1B2b |
NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS TRANSPORT (Gg/ 103M3 CONDENSATE AND PENTANES PLUS) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.3 |
CONDENSATE |
0.0000000072 |
0.00000011 |
|
|
1.B.2.a.iii.3 |
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (Gg/103M3 LPG) |
0.00000043 |
N/A |
2.2 0E-12 |
|
1.B.2.a.iii.3 |
LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (Gg/ 106M3 MARKETABLE GAS) |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
1B2a |
OIL |
|||
|
1B2a |
OIL PRODUCTION (Gg/ 103M3 CONVENTIONAL OIL PRODUCTION) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
CONVENTIONAL OIL—FUGITIVES (ONSHORE) |
1.10E-10 to 2.60E-07 |
1.50E-09 to 3.60E-06 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
CONVENTIONAL OIL—FUGITIVES (OFFSHORE) |
0.000000000043 |
0.00000000059 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.i |
CONVENTIONAL OIL—VENTING |
0.000000095 |
0.00000072 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.ii |
CONVENTIONAL OIL—FLARING |
0.000041 |
0.000000025 |
0.00000000064 |
|
1B2a |
OIL PRODUCTION (Gg/103M3 HEAVY OIL PRODUCTION) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
HEAVY OIL/COLD BITUMEN—FUGITIVES |
0.00000054 |
0.0000079 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.i |
HEAVY OIL/COLD BITUMEN—VENTING |
0.0000053 |
0.000017 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.ii |
HEAVY OIL/COLD BITUMEN—FLARING |
0.000022 |
0.00000014 |
0.00000000046 |
|
1B2a |
OIL PRODUCTION (Gg/103M3 THERMAL BITUMEN PRODUCTION) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
THERMAL OIL PRODUCTION—FUGITIVES |
0.000000029 |
0.00000018 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.i |
THERMAL OIL PRODUCTION—VENTING |
0.00000022 |
0.0000035 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.ii |
THERMAL OIL PRODUCTION—FLARING |
0.000027 |
0.000000016 |
0.00000000024 |
|
1B2a |
OIL PRODUCTION (Gg/103M3 SYNTHETIC CRUDE PRODUCTION FROM OILSANDS) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
SYNTHETIC CRUDE (FROM OILSANDS) |
ND |
0.0000023 |
ND |
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
SYNTHETIC CRUDE (OIL SHALE) |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
1B2a |
OIL PRODUCTION (Gg/103M3 TOTAL OIL PRODUCTION) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
DEFAULT TOTAL—FUGITIVES |
0.00000028 |
0.0000022 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.i |
DEFAULT TOTAL—VENTING |
0.0000018 |
0.0000087 |
N/A |
|
1.B.2.a.ii |
DEFAULT TOTAL—FLARING |
0.000034 |
0.000000021 |
0.00000000054 |
|
1B2a |
OIL UPGRADING (Gg/ 103M3 OIL UPGRADED) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.2 |
ALL |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
1B2a |
OIL TRANSPORT (Gg/ 103M3 OIL TRANSPORTED BY PIPELINE) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.3 |
PIPELINES |
0.00000000049 |
0.0000000054 |
N/A |
|
1B2a |
OIL TRANSPORT (Gg/ 103M3 OIL TRANSPORTED BY TANKER TRUCK) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.i |
TANKER TRUCKS AND RAIL CARS—VENTING |
0.0000000023 |
0.000000025 |
N/A |
|
OIL TRANSPORT (Gg/ 103M3 OIL TRANSPORTED BY TANKER SHIPS) |
||||
|
1.B.2.a.i |
LOADING OFF-SHORE PRODUCTION ON TANKER SHIPS—VENTING |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
1B2a |
OIL REFINING (Gg/103M3 OIL REFINED) |
|||
|
1.B.2.a.iii.4 |
ALL |
2.60E-09 to 4.10E-08 |
ND |
SCHEDULE 1
TABLE 3
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES AND PRODUCT USE (IPPU) EMISSION FACTORS
|
IPCC Code |
SOURCE CATEGORY ACTIVITY / RAW MATERIAL / PRODUCT |
TONNE |
TONNE CH4/ tonne product |
TONNE N2O/ tonne product |
TONNE C2F6/ tonne product |
TONNE CF4/ tonne product |
TONNE SF6/ tonne product |
|
2A1 |
CEMENT PRODUCTION (PER TONNE OF CLINKER) |
||||||
|
CEMENT |
0.52 |
||||||
|
2A2 |
LIME PRODUCTION (PER TONNE OF LIME) |
||||||
|
QUICKLIME/HIGH CALCIUM LIME |
0.75 |
||||||
|
DOLOMITIC LIME |
0.77 |
||||||
|
HYDRATED LIME |
0.59 |
||||||
|
2A3 |
GLASS PRODUCTION (PER TONNE GLASS) |
||||||
|
GLASS PRODUCTION |
0.2 |
||||||
|
2A4 |
Other Process Uses of Carbonates |
||||||
|
2A4a |
CERAMICS (PER TONNE CARBONATE) |
||||||
|
CALCITE/ARAGONITE (CaCO3) |
0.43971 |
||||||
|
MAGNESITE (MgCO3) |
0.52197 |
||||||
|
DOLOMITE (CaMg(CO3)2)) |
0.47732 |
||||||
|
SIDERITE (FeCO3) |
0.37987 |
||||||
|
ANKERITE (Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2)) |
0.40822 to 0.47572 |
||||||
|
RHODOCHROSITE (MnCO3) |
0.38286 |
||||||
|
SODIUM CARBONATE/SODA ASH (Na2CO3) |
0.41492 |
||||||
|
2A4b |
OTHER USES OF SODA ASH (PER TONNE CARBONATE) |
||||||
|
CALCITE/ARAGONITE (CaCO3) |
0.43971 |
||||||
|
MAGNESITE (MgCO3) |
0.52197 |
||||||
|
DOLOMITE (CaMg(CO3)2)) |
0.47732 |
||||||
|
SIDERITE (FeCO3) |
0.37987 |
||||||
|
ANKERITE (Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2)) |
0.40822 to 0.47572 |
||||||
|
RHODOCHROSITE (MnCO3) |
0.38286 |
||||||
|
SODIUM CARBONATE/SODA ASH (Na2CO3) |
0.41492 |
||||||
|
2A4c |
NON METALLURGICAL MAGNESIA PRODUCTION (PER TONNE CARBONATE) |
||||||
|
CALCITE/ARAGONITE (CaCO3) |
0.43971 |
||||||
|
MAGNESITE (MgCO3) |
0.52197 |
||||||
|
DOLOMITE (CaMg(CO3)2)) |
0.47732 |
||||||
|
SIDERITE (FeCO3) |
0.37987 |
||||||
|
ANKERITE (Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2)) |
0.40822 to 0.47572 |
||||||
|
RHODOCHROSITE (MnCO3) |
0.38286 |
||||||
|
SODIUM CARBONATE/SODA ASH (Na2CO3) |
0.41492 |
||||||
|
2A5 |
OTHER (PER TONNE CARBONATE) |
||||||
|
CALCITE/ARAGONITE (CaCO3) |
0.43971 |
||||||
|
MAGNESITE (MgCO3) |
0.52197 |
||||||
|
DOLOMITE (CaMg(CO3)2)) |
0.47732 |
||||||
|
SIDERITE (FeCO3) |
0.37987 |
||||||
|
ANKERITE (Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO3)2)) |
0.40822 to 0.47572 |
||||||
|
RHODOCHROSITE (MnCO3) |
0.38286 |
||||||
|
SODIUM CARBONATE/SODA ASH (Na2CO3) |
0.41492 |
||||||
|
2B1 |
AMMONIA PRODUCTION (PER TONNE NH3) |
||||||
|
MODERN PLANTS-CONVENTIONAL REFORMING (NATURAL GAS) |
1.694 |
||||||
|
EXCESS AIR REFORMING (NATURAL GAS) |
1.666 |
||||||
|
AUTOTHERMAL REFORMING (NATURAL GAS) |
1.694 |
||||||
|
PARTIAL OXIDATION |
2.772 |
||||||
|
AVERAGE VALUE NATURAL GAS (MIXTURE OF MODERN & OLD) |
2.104 |
||||||
|
AVERAGE VALUE (PARTIAL OXIDATION) |
3.273 |
||||||
|
2B2 |
NITRIC ACID PRODUCTION (PER TONNE NITRIC ACID) |
||||||
|
PLANTS WITH NSCR (ALL PROCESSES) |
0.002 |
||||||
|
PLANTS WITH PROCESS (INTEGRATED OR TAIL GAS NO2 DESTRUCTION) |
0.0025 |
||||||
|
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE PLANTS (LOW PRESSURE PLANTS) |
0.005 |
||||||
|
MEDIUM PRESSURE COMBUSTION PLANTS (MEDIUM PRESSURE) |
0.007 |
||||||
|
HIGH PRESSURE PLANTS (HIGH PRESSURE) |
0.009 |
||||||
|
2B3 |
ADIPIC ACID PRODUCTION (PER TONNE ADIPIC ACID UNCONTROLLED) |
||||||
|
NITRIC ACID OXIDATION (ADIPIC ACID) |
0.3 |
||||||
|
2B4 |
CAPROLACTAM, GLYOXAL AND GLYOXYLIC ACID PRODUCTION (PER TONNE PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
CAPROLACTAM PRODUCTION (RASCHIG) |
0.009 |
||||||
|
GLYOXAL PRODUCTION |
0.1 |
||||||
|
GLYOXYLIC ACID PRODUCTION |
0.02 |
||||||
|
2B5 |
CARBIDE PRODUCTION (PER TONNE RAW MATERIAL USED) |
||||||
|
SILICON CARBIDE PRODUCTION |
2.3 |
0.0102 |
|||||
|
PETROLEUM COKE USE |
1.7 |
||||||
|
2B5 |
CARBIDE PRODUCTION (PER TONNE CARBIDE PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
SILICON CARBIDE PRODUCTION (CARBIDE PRODUCED) |
2.62 |
0.0116 |
|||||
|
PETROLEUM COKE USE |
1.09 |
||||||
|
USE OF PRODUCT |
1.1 |
||||||
|
2B6 |
TITANIUM DIOXIDE PRODUCTION (PER TONNE PRODUCT) |
||||||
|
TITANIUM SLAG |
NOT AVAILABLE |
||||||
|
SYNTHETIC RUTILE |
1.43 |
||||||
|
RUTILE TITANIUM DIOXIDE (CHLORIDE ROUTE) |
1.34 |
||||||
|
2B7 |
SODA ASH PRODUCTION (PER TONNE OF SODA ASH OR TRONA) |
||||||
|
NATURAL SODA ASH OUTPUT |
0.138 |
||||||
|
NATURAL SODA ASH (TRONA USED) |
0.097 |
||||||
|
2B8 |
PETROCHEMICAL AND CARBON BLACK PRODUCTION |
||||||
|
2B8a |
METHANOL PRODUCTION (PER TONNE METHANOL PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING WITHOUT PRIMARY REFORMER (NATURAL GAS FEEDSTOCK) |
0.67 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING WITH PRIMARY REFORMER (NATURAL GAS FEEDSTOCK) |
0.497 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING LURGI CONVENTIONAL PROCESS (NATURAL GAS FEEDSTOCK) |
0.385 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING LURGI CONVENTIONAL PROCESS (NATURAL GAS+CO2 FEEDSTOCK) |
0.267 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING LURGI LOW PRESSURE PROCESS (NATURAL GAS FEEDSTOCK) |
0.267 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING LURGI COMBINED PROCESS (NATURAL GAS FEEDSTOCK) |
0.396 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING LURGI MEGA METHANOL PROCESS (NATURAL GAS FEEDSTOCK) |
0.31 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
PARTIAL OXIDATION PROCESS (OIL FEEDSTOCK) |
1.376 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
PARTIAL OXIDATION PROCESS (COAL FEEDSTOCK) |
5.285 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
PARTIAL OXIDATION PROCESS (LIGNITE FEEDSTOCK) |
5.02 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
CONVENTIONAL STEAM REFORMING WITH INTEGRATED AMMONIA PRODUCTION (NATURAL GAS FEEDSTOCK) |
1.02 |
0.0023 |
|||||
|
2B8b |
STEAM CRACKING ETHYLENE PRODUCTION (PER TONNE ETHYLENE PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
ETHYLENE (TOTAL PROCESS & ENERGY FEEDSTOCK USE)—NAPTHA |
1.73 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE (TOTAL PROCESS & ENERGY FEEDSTOCK USE)—GAS OIL |
2.29 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE (TOTAL PROCESS & ENERGY FEEDSTOCK USE)—ETHANE |
0.95 |
0.006 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE (TOTAL PROCESS & ENERGY FEEDSTOCK USE)—PROPANE |
1.04 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE (TOTAL PROCESS & ENERGY FEEDSTOCK USE)—BUTANE |
1.07 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE (TOTAL PROCESS & ENERGY FEEDSTOCK USE)—OTHER |
1.73 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( PROCESS FEEDSTOCK USE)— NAPHTHA |
1.73 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( PROCESS FEEDSTOCK USE)—GAS OIL |
2.17 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( PROCESS FEEDSTOCK USE)—ETHANE |
0.76 |
0.006 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( PROCESS FEEDSTOCK USE)— PROPANE |
1.04 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( PROCESS FEEDSTOCK USE)—BUTANE |
1.07 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( PROCESS FEEDSTOCK USE)—OTHER |
1.73 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( SUPPLEMENTAL FUEL-ENERGY FEEDSTOCK) USE—GAS OIL |
0.12 |
0.003 |
|||||
|
ETHYLENE ( SUPPLEMENTAL FUEL-ENERGY FEEDSTOCK) USE—ETHANE |
0.19 |
0.006 |
|||||
|
2B8c |
ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE AND VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER (PER TONNE EDC PRODUCED OR TONNE VCM PRODUCT PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
DIRECT CHLORINATION PROCESS (EDC) |
0.191 |
0.0000226 |
|||||
|
OXYCHLORINATION PROCESS (EDC) |
0.202 |
0.0000226 |
|||||
|
BALANCED PROCESS (DEFAULT)—EDC |
0.196 |
0.0000226 |
|||||
|
2B8c |
ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE AND VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER (PER TONNE VCM PRODUCED OR TONNE VCM PRODUCT PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
DIRECT CHLORINATION PROCESS (EDC) |
0.191 |
0.0000226 |
|||||
|
OXYCHLORINATION PROCESS (VCM) |
0.302 |
0.0000226 |
|||||
|
BALANCED PROCESS (DEFAULT) -VCM |
0.294 |
0.0000226 |
|||||
|
2B8d |
ETHYLENE OXIDE (PER TONNE ETHYLENE OXIDE PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
AIR PROCESS (DEFAULT)— CATALYST DEFAULT (70) |
0.863 |
0.00179 |
|||||
|
AIR PROCESS (DEFAULT)— CATALYST (75) |
0.663 |
0.00179 |
|||||
|
AIR PROCESS (DEFAULT)— CATALYST (80) |
0.5 |
0.00179 |
|||||
|
OXYGEN PROCESS (DEFAULT)—CATALYST DEFAULT (75) |
0.663 |
0.00179 |
|||||
|
OXYGEN PROCESS— CATALYST (80) |
0.5 |
0.00179 |
|||||
|
OXYGEN PROCESS— CATALYST (85) |
0.35 |
0.00179 |
|||||
|
ALL ETHYLENE OXIDE PROCESSES—THERMAL TREATMENT |
N/A |
0.00079 |
|||||
|
2B8e |
ACRYLONITRILE (PER TONNE ACRYLONITRILE PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
DIRECT AMMOXIDATION WITH SECONDARY PRODUCTS BURNED FOR ENERGY RECOVERY OR FLARED (DEFAULT) |
1 |
0.00018 |
|||||
|
DIRECT AMMOXIDATION WITH ACETONITRILE BURNED FOR ENERGY RECOVERY OR FLARED |
0.83 |
0.00018 |
|||||
|
DIRECT AMMOXIDATION WITH ACETONITRILE & HYDROGEN CYANIDE RECOVERED AS PRODUCT |
0.79 |
0.00018 |
|||||
|
2B8f |
CARBON BLACK PRODUCTION (PER TONNE CARBON BLACK PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
FURNACE BLACK PROCESS (DEFAULT)—Primary Feedstock |
1.96 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
THERMAL BLACK PROCESS—PRIMARY FEEDSTOCK |
4.59 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
ACETYLENE BLACK PROCESS—PRIMARY FEEDSTOCK |
0.12 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
FURNACE BLACK PROCESS (DEFAULT)—SECONDARY FEEDSTOCK |
0.66 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
THERMAL BLACK PROCESS—SECONDARY FEEDSTOCK |
0.66 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
ACETYLENE BLACK PROCESS—SECONDARY FEEDSTOCK |
0.66 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
FURNACE BLACK PROCESS (DEFAULT)—TOTAL FEEDSTOCK |
2.62 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
THERMAL BLACK PROCESS—TOTAL FEEDSTOCK |
5.25 |
0.00 006 |
|||||
|
ACETYLENE BLACK PROCESS—TOTAL FEEDSTOCK |
0.78 |
0.00006 |
|||||
|
ALL CARBON BLACK PROCESSES (NO THERMAL TREATMENT) |
N/A |
0.0287 |
|||||
|
2C1 |
IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTION (PER TONNE PRODUCT PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
SINTER PRODUCTION |
0.2 |
0.00007 |
|||||
|
COKE OVEN |
0.56 |
0.0000001 |
|||||
|
PIG IRON PRODUCTION |
1.35 |
||||||
|
DIRECT REDUCED IRON (DRI) PRODUCTION |
0.7 |
0.001/TJ (NG) |
|||||
|
PELLET PRODUCTION |
0.03 |
||||||
|
BASIC OXYGEN FURNACE |
1.46 |
||||||
|
ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE |
0.08 |
||||||
|
OPEN HEARTH FURNACE |
1.72 |
||||||
|
GLOBAL AVERAGE |
1.06 |
||||||
|
2C2 |
FERROALLOYS PRODUCTION (PER TONNE PRODUCTION) |
||||||
|
FERROSILICON (45%) SI |
2.5 |
||||||
|
FERROSILICON (65%) SI |
3.6 |
0.001 |
|||||
|
FERROSILICON (75%) SI |
4 |
0.001 |
|||||
|
FERROSILICON (90%) SI |
4.8 |
0.0011 |
|||||
|
FERROMANGANESE (7% C) |
1.3 |
||||||
|
FERROMANGANESE (1% C) |
1.5 |
||||||
|
SILICOMANGANESE |
1.4 |
||||||
|
SILICON METAL |
5 |
0.0012 |
|||||
|
FERROCHROMIUM (STAND ALONE) |
1.3 |
||||||
|
FERROCHROMIUM (WITH SINTER PLANT) |
1.6 |
||||||
|
2C3 |
ALUMINIUM PRODUCTION (PER TONNE ALUMINIUM PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
PREBAKE |
1.6 |
||||||
|
SODERBERG |
1.7 |
||||||
|
CWPB |
0.00004 |
0.0004 |
|||||
|
SWPB |
0.0004 |
0.0016 |
|||||
|
VSS |
0.00004 |
0.0008 |
|||||
|
HSS |
0.00003 |
0.0004 |
|||||
|
2C4 |
MAGNESIUM PRODUCTION (PER TONNE MAGNESIUM PRODUCED) |
||||||
|
DOLOMITE |
5.13 |
0.001 |
|||||
|
MAGNESITE |
2.83 |
0.001 |
|||||
|
2C5 |
LEAD PRODUCTION (PER TONNE PRODUCT) |
||||||
|
IMPERIAL SMELT FURNACE (ISF) PRODUCTION |
0.59 |
||||||
|
DIRECT SMELTING PRODUCTION |
0.25 |
||||||
|
TREATMENT OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS |
0.2 |
||||||
|
DEFAULT EF |
0.52 |
||||||
|
2C6 |
ZINC PRODUCTION (PER TONNE PRODUCT) |
||||||
|
WAELZ KILN |
3.66 |
||||||
|
PYROMETALLURGICAL |
0.43 |
||||||
|
DEFAULT EF |
1.72 |