Category: PART VIII – Other exclusions

Paragraph 53 (Eighth Schedule) – Personal-use assets

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53.    Personal-use assets

 

(1)     A natural person or a special trust must disregard a capital gain or capital loss determined in respect of the disposal of a personal-use asset as contemplated in subparagraph (2).

 

(2)     A personal-use asset is an asset of a natural person or a special trust that is used mainly for purposes other than the carrying on of a trade.

 

(3)     Personal use assets do not include-

 

(a)     a coin made mainly from gold or platinum of which the market value is mainly attributable to the material from which it is minted or cast;


(b)     immovable property;


(c)     an aircraft, the empty mass of which exceeds 450 kilograms;


(d)     a boat exceeding ten metres in length;


(e)     a financial instrument;


(f)      any fiduciary, usufructuary or other like interest, the value of which decreases over time;


(g)     any contract in terms of which a person, in return for payment of a premium, is entitled to policy benefits upon the happening of a certain event and includes a reinsurance policy in respect of such a contract, but excludes any short-term policy contemplated in the Short-term Insurance Act;


(h)     any short-term policy contemplated in the Short-term Insurance Act to the extent that it relates to any asset which is not a personal-use asset; and


(i)      a right or interest of whatever nature to or in an asset envisaged in items (a) to (h).

 

(4)     For the purposes of subparagraph (2), an asset of a natural person or a special trust to whom an allowance is or was paid or payable in respect of the use of that asset for business purposes, must be treated as being used mainly for purposes other than the carrying on of a trade.

Paragraph 64 (Eighth Schedule) – Asset used to produce exempt income

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64.    Asset used to produce exempt income

 

A person must disregard any capital gain or capital loss in respect of the disposal of an asset which is used by that person solely to produce amounts which are exempt from normal tax in terms of –

 

(a)     section 10, other than receipts and accruals contemplated in paragraphs (cN), (cO), (i) and (k) of subsection (1) thereof; or

 

(b)     section 12K.

Paragraph 54 (Eighth Schedule) – Retirement benefits

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54.    Retirement benefits

 

A person must disregard any capital gain or capital loss determined in respect of a disposal that resulted in that person receiving-

 

(a)     a lump sum benefit as defined in the Second Schedule; or

 

(b)     a lump sum benefit paid from a fund, arrangement or instrument situated outside the Republic which provides similar benefits under similar conditions to a pension, pension preservation, provident, provident preservation or retirement annuity fund approved in terms of this Act.

Paragraph 64A (Eighth Schedule) – Awards in terms of land restitution programmes and land reform measures

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64A.  Awards in terms of land restitution programmes and land reform measures

A person must disregard any capital gain or capital loss in respect of the disposal that resulted in that person receiving-

(a)     restitution of a right to land, an award or compensation in terms of the Restitution of Land Rights Act, 1994 (Act No. 22 of 1994); or

(b)     land or right to land by virtue of the measures as contemplated in Chapter 6 of the National Development Plan: Vision 2030 of 11 November 2011 released by the National Planning Commission, Presidency of the Republic of South Africa.

[Paragraph 64A inserted by section 92 of Act 74 of 2002, substituted by section 55 of Act 20 of 2006, amended by section 121 of Act 22 of 2012, substituted by section 76 of Act 15 of 2016 effective on 29 February 2016, applies in respect of years of assessment ending on or after that date]

Paragraph 55 (Eighth Schedule) – Long-term assurance

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55.    Long-term assurance

(1)     A person must disregard any capital gain or capital loss determined in respect of a disposal that resulted in the receipt by or accrual to that person of an amount-

(a)     in respect of a policy, where that person-


(i)      is the original beneficial owner or one of the original beneficial owners of the policy;


(ii)     is the spouse, nominee, dependant as contemplated in the Pension Funds Act, or deceased estate of the original beneficial owner of the relevant policy and no amount was paid or is payable or will become payable, whether directly or indirectly, in respect of any cession of that policy from the beneficial owner of that policy to that spouse, nominee or dependant; or

[Subitem (ii) substituted by section 98 of Act 60 of 2001 and section 115 of Act 25 of 2015 effective on 8 January 2016]


(iii)    is the former spouse of the original beneficial owner and that policy was ceded to that spouse in consequence of a divorce order or, in the case of a union contemplated in paragraph (b) or (c) of the definition of “spouse” in section 1 of this Act, an agreement of division of assets which has been made an order of court;


(b)     in respect of any policy, where that person is or was an employee or director whose life was insured in terms of that policy and any premiums paid by that person’s employer were deducted in terms of section 11(w);


(c)     in respect of a policy that was taken out to insure against the death, disability or illness of that person by any other person who was a partner of that person, or held any shares or similar interest in a company in which that person held any share or similar interest, for the purpose of enabling that other person to acquire, upon the death, disability or illness of that person, the whole or part of-

[Words preceding subitem (i) substituted by section 73 of Act 17 of 2017 and section 82 of Act 23 of 2018 effective on 17 January 2019]


(i)      that person’s interest in the partnership concerned; or

(ii)     that person’s share or similar interest in that company and any claim by that person against that company, and no premium on the policy was paid or borne by that person while that other person was the beneficial owner of the policy;

(d)     in respect of a policy originally taken out on the life of a person, where that policy is provided to that person or dependant by or in consequence of that person’s membership of a pension fund, pension preservation fund, provident fund, provident preservation fund or retirement annuity fund;


(e)     in respect of a risk policy with no cash value or surrender value; or


(f)      if the amount received or accrued constitutes an amount contemplated in section 10(1)(gG) or (gH).

(2)     For the purposes of subparagraph (1), “policy” means a policy as defined in section 29A with an insurer.

Paragraph 64B (Eighth Schedule) – Disposal of equity shares in foreign companies

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64B.  Disposal of equity shares in foreign companies

 

(1)     Subject to subparagraph (4), a person other than a headquarter company must disregard any capital gain or capital loss determined in respect of the disposal of any equity share in any foreign company (other than an interest contemplated in paragraph 2(2)), if-

 

(a)     that person (whether alone or together with any other person forming part of the same group of companies as that person) immediately before that disposal-

 

(i)      held an interest of at least 10 per cent of the equity shares and voting rights in that foreign company; and

 

(ii)     held the interest contemplated in subitem (i) for a period of at least 18 months prior to that disposal, unless-

 

(aa)    that person is a company;

 

(bb)   that interest was acquired by that person from any other company that forms part of the same group of companies as that person; and

 

(cc)    that person and that other company in aggregate held that interest for more than 18 months; and

 

(b)     that interest is disposed of to any person that is not a resident, other than-

 

(i)      a controlled foreign company or any person that is a connected person in relation to the person disposing of that interest;

 

(ii)     a non-resident company that formed part of the same group of companies as the company disposing of the shares at any time during a period of 18 months before that disposal; or

 

(iii)    a non-resident company, the shareholders of which, immediately after the disposal, are substantially the same as the shareholders of any company in the group of companies disposing of the shares,

 

for an amount that is equal to or exceeds the market value of the interest.

[Item (b) substituted by section 117(1) of Act 25 of 2015 and by section 42(1)(a) of Act 17 of 2023 effective on 1 November, 2023 and applicable in respect of any disposals on or after that date]

 

(2)     Subject to subparagraph (4), a headquarter company must disregard any capital gain or capital loss determined in respect of the disposal of any equity share in any foreign company (other than an interest contemplated in paragraph 2(2)) if that headquarter company (whether alone or together with any other person forming part of the same group of companies as that headquarter company) immediately before that disposal held at least 10 per cent of the equity shares and voting rights in that foreign company.

 

(3)     Paragraph 8(b) applies in respect of any capital gain determined in respect of any disposal of any equity share in any foreign company on or before 31 December 2012 by a person which is or was disregarded in terms of subparagraphs (1) and (4) in any year of assessment, if-

 

(a)     the foreign company prior to that disposal was a controlled foreign company in relation to that person or in relation to any other company in the same group of companies as that person;

 

(b)     the equity share in that foreign company was disposed of to a connected person in relation to that person either before or after that disposal;

 

(c)     that person-

 

(i)      disposed of that equity share for no consideration or for consideration which does not reflect an arm’s length price, other than a distribution contemplated in subitem (ii);

 

(ii)     disposed of that equity share by means of a distribution made unless-

 

(aa)   that distribution was made to a company that forms part of the same group of companies as that person; or

 

(bb)   the full amount of that distribution was included in the income of a holder of shares in that foreign company or would, but for the provisions of section 10B(2)(a) or (b), have been so included; or

 

(iii)    disposed of any consideration where that consideration was received or accrued from the disposal of that equity share (or any amount received in exchange therefor) in terms of any transaction, operation or scheme of which the disposal of the equity share forms part-

 

(aa)   for no consideration or for consideration which does not reflect an arm’s length price (other than a distribution contemplated in subsubitem (bb)); or

 

(bb)   by means of a distribution by a company, unless the full amount of that distribution was included in the income of a holder of shares in that company or would, but for the provisions of section 10B(2)(a) or (b), have been so included; and

[Subsubitem (bb) amended by section 144 of Act 31 of 2013 and substituted by section 84 of Act 23 of 2018 effective on 17 January 2019]

 

(d)     that foreign company ceased, in terms of any transaction, operation or scheme of which the disposal of the equity share forms part, to be a controlled foreign company in relation to that person or other company in the same group of companies as that person (having regard solely to any rights contemplated in paragraph (a) of the definition of ‘participation rights’ in section 9D).

 

(4)     A person must disregard any capital gain determined in respect of any foreign return of capital received by or accrued to that person from a “foreign company” as defined in section 9D (other than an interest contemplated in paragraph 2(2) where that person (whether alone or together with any other person forming part of the same group of companies as that person)—

 

(a)     holds an interest of at least 10 per cent of the total equity shares and voting rights in that company; and

 

(b)     has held the interest referred to in item (a) for at least 18 months prior to the receipt or accrual of that foreign return of capital.

[Subparagraph (4) substituted by section 42(1)(b) of Act 17 of 2023 with effect from 1 January, 2024 and applicable in respect of foreign returns of capital received or accrued on or after that date]

 

(5)     The provisions of this paragraph do not apply in respect of any capital gain or capital loss determined in respect of-

 

(a)     the disposal of any equity share in any portfolio contemplated in paragraph (e) of the definition of ‘company’ in section 1; and

 

(b)     any distribution contemplated in subparagraph (4) by any portfolio contemplated in item (a).

 

(6)     This paragraph must not apply in respect of any capital gain or capital loss determined in respect of the disposal of any share in a controlled foreign company to the extent that the value of the assets of that controlled foreign company is attributable to assets directly or indirectly located, issued or registered in the Republic.

[Subparagraph (6) added by section 51(1) of Act 23 of 2020 effective on 1 January, 2021 and applicable in respect of any disposal on or after that date]

Paragraph 56 (Eighth Schedule) – Disposal by creditor of debt owed by connected person

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56.    Disposal by creditor of debt owed by connected person

(1)     Where a creditor disposes of a debt owed by a debtor, who is a connected person in relation to that creditor, that creditor must disregard any capital loss determined in consequence of that disposal.

(2)     Despite paragraph 39, subparagraph (1) does not apply in respect of any capital loss determined in consequence of the disposal by a creditor of a debt owed by a debtor, to the extent that the amount of that debt so disposed of represents-

(a)       an amount-

(i)     which is applied to reduce the expenditure in respect of an asset of the debtor in terms of section 19(3) or paragraph 12A(3); or

(ii)     which must be taken into account by the debtor as a capital gain in terms of paragraph 12A(4);

[Item (a) substituted by section 119(1)(c) of Act 22 of 2012, amended by section 138(1)(a) of Act 31 of 2013 and substituted by section 63(1) of Act 34 of 2019 deemed effective on 1 January, 2018 and applicable in respect of years of assessment commencing on or after that date]

 

(b)     an amount which the creditor proves must be or was included in the gross income of any acquirer of that debt;

 

(c)     an amount that must be or was included in the gross income or income of the debtor or taken into account in the determination of the balance of assessed loss of the debtor in terms of section 20(1)(a); or

 

(d)     a capital gain which the creditor proves must be or was included in the determination of the aggregate capital gain or aggregate capital loss of any acquirer of the debt.

Sub-paragraphs 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of paragraph 57 of Eighth Schedule

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(2)     Subject to subparagraphs (3), (4) and (5), a natural person must, when determining an aggregate capital gain or aggregate capital loss, disregard a capital gain determined in respect of the disposal of-

(a)     an active business asset of a small business owned by that natural person as a sole proprietor; or

(b)     an interest in each of the active business assets of a business, which qualifies as a small business, owned by a partnership, upon that natural person’s withdrawal from that partnership to the extent of his or her interest in that partnership; or

(c)     an entire direct interest in a company (which consists of at least 10 per cent of the equity of that company), to the extent that the interest relates to active business assets of the business, which qualifies as a small business, of that company,

if that person at the time of that disposal held for his or her own benefit that active business asset, interest in the partnership, or interest in the company (as the case may be) for a continuous period of at least five years prior to that disposal and was substantially involved in the operations of the business of that small business during that period, and-

(i)      has attained the age of 55 years; or

(ii)     the disposal is in consequence of ill-health, other infirmity, superannuation or death.

(3)     The sum of the amounts to be disregarded by a natural person as contemplated in subparagraph (2) may not exceed R1,8 million during that natural person’s lifetime.

(4)     A natural person must realise all capital gains qualifying in terms of subparagraph (2) within a period of 24 months commencing on the date of the first disposal contemplated in subparagraph (2).

(5)     Where a natural person operates more than one small business either by way of a sole proprietorship, a partnership interest or a direct interest in the equity of a company consisting of at least 10 per cent, then he or she may subject to subparagraphs (4) and (6), include every such small business in the determination of the amount to be disregarded in terms of subparagraph (2).

(6)     The provisions of this paragraph do not apply where a person owns more than one business either by way of a sole proprietorship, apartnership interest or a direct interest in the equity of a company consisting of at least 10 per cent, and the total market value of all assets in respect of all those businesses exceeds R10 million.

(7)

(a)     The Minister may announce in the national annual budget contemplated in section 27(1) of the Public Finance Management Act, that, with effect from a date or dates mentioned in that announcement, the market value of all assets referred to in the definition of ‘small business’ in subparagraph (1), the sum of the amounts referred to in subparagraph (3) or the total market value of all assets referred to in subparagraph (6) will be altered to the extent mentioned in the announcement.

(b)     If the Minister makes an announcement of an alteration contemplated in paragraph (a), that alteration comes into effect on the date or dates determined by the Minister in that announcement and continues to apply for a period of 12 months from that date or those dates subject to Parliament passing legislation giving effect to that announcement within that period of 12 months.

[Subparagraph (7) added by section 83 of Act 23 of 2018 effective on 17 January 2019]

“Active business asset” definition of paragraph 57 of Eighth Schedule

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(1)     For purposes of this paragraph,

 

“active business asset” means –

 

(a)     an asset which constitutes immovable property, to the extent that it is used for business purposes; or

 

(b)     an asset (other than immovable property) used or held wholly and exclusively for business purposes, but excludes –

 

(i)      a financial instrument; and

 

(ii)     an asset held in the course of, carrying on a business mainly to derive any income in the form of an annuity, rental income, a foreign exchange gain or royalty or any income of a similar nature;